All posts by Carmen Gomaro

Carmen Gomaro - leading international news and investigative reporter. Worked at various media outlets in Spain, Argentina and Colombia, including Diario de Cádiz, CNN+, Telemadrid and EFE.

Chimpanzees also have menopause

Female chimpanzees living in a community in Kibale National Park, Uganda, also experience menopause, a biological process that until now had only been documented in humans and some whale species such as orcas.

Now, a team of scientists who observed this community of great apes between 1995 and 2016 have found signs in their females that show that they survive many years after ceasing to be fertile.. The conclusions of this research led by Brian Wood, from the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology and the University of California, are published this week in the journal Science.

According to its authors, these signs of menopause in wild chimpanzees will help to better understand the evolution in humans of this process that is very rare in nature.. And despite the fact that in general women stop being fertile between 45 and 55 years – the average age is between 51 and 52 years – and can live many decades without the ability to reproduce, the majority of females Other species of mammals can have offspring throughout their lives.

Menopause begins when the eggs in the ovaries run out.. This cessation of ovarian function in turn causes a marked decrease in the levels of estrogen and progesterone, which are hormones produced by the ovaries, and a decalcification of the bones, which in turn leads to the appearance of the symptoms that accompany to menopause.

The benefits of this biological process are not at all clear, so it is a challenge for scientists to explain why women acquired this evolutionary trait.. It also remains uncertain why menopause evolved in humans but apparently did not do so in any other long-lived primate.. In this work, this team presents demographic and hormonal evidence of menopause in wild chimpanzees after observing a total of 185 specimens in the Ngogo community for 21 years.. Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) are, along with bonobos, the closest relatives to humans in the animal kingdom.

The results showed that, as in other chimpanzee and human populations, fertility in female Ngogo chimpanzees decreased after the age of 30, and no births were observed after the age of 50.. But unlike other chimpanzee communities, and just like humans, it was not strange for Ngogo females to live for many years past their 50s.

A chimpanzee in Uganda's Kibale National Park

Specifically, the researchers calculated a parameter called post-reproductive representation (PrR), which is the average proportion of the adult life spent in a post-reproductive state.. While most mammals, including other chimpanzee populations, have a PrR close to zero, the authors found that Ngogo chimpanzees had a PrR of 0.2, meaning that, on average, females live 20% of adulthood without having children. In women, the post-reproductive state is usually 30% of their life.

On the other hand, urine samples from 66 female chimpanzees of different ages (between 14 and 67 years) and therefore in different reproductive phases, showed that the transition to this post-reproductive state was marked by a series of changes in hormones such as gonadotropins, estrogens and progestins. According to the authors, these hormonal variations are similar to those that occur during human menopause.

However, unlike people, the chimpanzees of the Ngogo population in a post-reproductive stage did not participate in raising their children's children, that is, their grandchildren, which according to this scientific team, suggests that The popular grandmother hypothesis, which has been used to explain adaptive evolution in women, would not serve as an explanation.. This theory proposed in the 1950s by evolutionary biologist George Christopher Williams points out that upon reaching menopause, older females can dedicate themselves to caring for their offspring instead of continuing to reproduce, increasing the chances that they will survive.. But what is common in chimpanzees is that older females live away from their daughters, since they usually leave the group in which they were born when they reach adulthood.

Another theory to explain menopause is the reproductive conflict hypothesis, which states that there is competition for resources between females that can have offspring and that they must compete to ensure successful reproduction.. Older females could stop reproducing to avoid these conflicts, which would favor their survival.. According to these scientists, the grandmother hypothesis and the reproductive conflict hypothesis are not mutually exclusive, and both may be necessary to explain why all human societies have a higher PrR than that documented here for chimpanzees.

As Michael Cant, from the University of Exeter, comments in an article in the same magazine, among killer whales, “females who have passed menopause lead the group when it comes to searching for food, especially when there is a shortage of prey,” for which considers that “older chimpanzees could also provide benefits to their group through their knowledge and experience”. From their point of view, this study “illuminates as well as raises questions about the evolution of menopause.”

Ancelotti confirms Bellingham and gives Mendy the advantage over Camavinga

Carlo Ancelotti, Italian coach of Real Madrid, confirmed the presence of Jude Bellingham in his first classic, having overcome the “overload” with which he admitted he replaced him last Tuesday in Braga, and left clues about his decision at left back, giving greater advantage to Ferland Mendy for ownership.

“Bellingham is going to play on Saturday because he is fine and has recovered.. This Friday he trains after making a good recovery, they have taken away the overload he had and he will be fine,” he assured before the last training session on the eve of the classic.

It will be the first for Jude, to whom Ancelotti said he does not have to tell much about the greatness of a game he is looking forward to playing.. “No explanation needed. The professionals watch all the games and know perfectly well what a classic is.. “It is seen all over the world and it is one of the most important games.”

The big Madrid doubt about the starting team is the presence of Eduardo Camavinga or his replacement. The Italian coach gave Mendy an advantage on the left side but the presence of the Frenchman in the center of the field is not ruled out.

“Camavinga's ideal position is as a pivot. “He adapts as an interior and as a winger but where he best expresses his qualities is as a pivot,” he defended.

“Camavinga has done well, Mendy has an advantage because he rested in the Champions League match. I have confidence in everyone, the possibility of a player starting and finishing the game is very small.. I know perfectly well that whoever doesn't start is going to contribute a lot during the game, at the end or in the second half.. Everyone is convinced of this, not just those who have been playing from the beginning. “Those who stay on the bench know they can contribute.”

As for the proper names of his team, Ancelotti also had words for Dani Carvajal after the full-back scored the tying goal with a header at the Ramón Sánchez-Pizjuán stadium and caressed the goal in the same way in Braga in the Champions League .

“Carvajal's role has increased. We have forgotten in previous years that he is a good header and is very clever in the area. We have changed his role in set-piece actions.”

Damián Quintero and the 'day after' the Olympic silver: "After the Games I didn't want to do anything"

Breaking will be an Olympic sport in the next Paris 2024 Games and cricket, softball, flag-football, lacrosse and squash will arrive at the Los Angeles 2028 Games, but its entry means the departure of others. Those left behind, those sacrificed. Karate lived the good life with its presence at the Tokyo 2020 Games, but after its disappearance from the Olympic card it has returned to amateurism. The scholarships, the sponsors and the impact left as quickly as they came and many leaders, such as the Spanish Sandra Sánchez, chose to withdraw.. Damián Quintero, no. At 39 years old and with an Olympic silver around his neck, he is still there: tomorrow (6:00 p.m.) he will seek his first World Cup in his modality, kata, in Budapest, after being runner-up in the last three editions.

Without the Olympic Games, without being able to go to Paris 2024, what's the point of continuing? I feel like it's not the time to stop. Last year I had a downturn, I'm not going to deny it. When the euphoria of the Tokyo Games disappeared, I didn't want to do anything, not train or anything.. I had touched the sky…. Why do more? But I decided to take advantage of the medal. I lost the ADO scholarship because karate stopped being Olympic, but I still had sponsors and could afford to be a full-time karate fighter.. He had to enjoy that privilege. In the end, whether he is an Olympian or not, people recognize him the same. That is. I'm not a footballer, but people look at me on the street and I sound familiar. I am a familiar face. Sometimes they stop me and talk to me about when I appeared in Pasapalabra, in El Hormiguero or in La Resistencia. An Olympic medal changes your life in that sense. If I had been fourth in Tokyo I would have already retired because now it would be much more difficult for me to find support. Although I have also worked on it. On TikTok, for example, only Ana Peleteiro has more followers among the Olympic medalists. It is a very powerful tool. I don't want to be an influencer, sell my life, but I like having fun and if I have to do a little dance, I do it.. Before the Games I decided to create a personal brand, have a professional team and seek more visibility.

At 39 years old, he sees his future in show business, as a youth coach or as an aeronautical engineer, which was his job before karate was Olympic. It seems to me that none of the three things. After this World Cup I want to take my foot off the accelerator and focus on several projects that I have underway.. I have studied sports management and I would like to be involved in federations, institutions, clubs to try to depoliticize these organizations and make them really focused on the athlete, on helping those who compete.. I don't consider anything else, although I am grateful to be able to appear on TV and I am grateful to my mother for pushing me to study Aeronautical Engineering, which helped me a lot. So this World Cup and no more. Afterwards I want to lower the piston, yes, because I have been in the elite for many years. Right now I spend seven or eight hours at the Madrid High Performance Center and when I get home I just want to rest and chat for a while with my wife.. It's very difficult to do anything else. I want to dedicate the afternoons to my projects, although next year there is a team World Cup in Spain, in Pamplona, and it is possible that I will compete until then. I would like to be part of that event, it will be very cool.

How many times have you been told in recent days that this World Cup is your great opportunity? They have all told me the same thing, that winning a World Cup is what I need, that now it is my turn. I'm not obsessed. I know it would be the finishing touch to my career, but I really value having qualified for my fourth consecutive final. That streak shows that I have been working for many years and working well. In the final I just want to go out on the tatami, enjoy, give my best version and leave happy with myself. If gold is worth it, it will be gold. In the last Tokyo Games and in the last three World Cups, he was beaten by the Japanese Ryo Kiyuna, who has retired. Do you feel bad about not being able to beat him on the tatami? I miss the rivalry I had with him, it's true. For many years there was a lot of competition, we fought for almost all the victories in almost all the competitions, it was nice. In fact it was a very healthy competition. But the best thing about kata is that you do not depend on the opponent, unlike in kumite, in the fight. I can focus on myself. And also the other finalist is the Turkish Ali Sofuoglu [bronze in the Games and in the last two World Cups] with whom I have also had a rivalry for a long time. This year we already faced each other in the final of the European Games, for example, and I won.

Ukrainian separatist loyal to the Kremlin in serious condition after being shot twice in Crimea

A pro-Russian politician who was a Ukrainian MP, Oleg Tsaryov, is in intensive care in a gun attack.

The former deputy was shot twice around midnight in the spa where he lives in Crimea, the Ukrainian peninsula annexed by Russia in 2014.. When the ambulance arrived, Tsaryov was unconscious and had lost a lot of blood.

Tsaryov's name was floated last year to head a puppet government in kyiv after Moscow launched its invasion on February 24.. That morning Tsaryov declared that “as promised, the denazification operation has begun,” reporting that he “was already in Ukraine” and that soon “Kiev would be “liberated from the Nazis.”.

It was the president of the We Stand With Russia movement, Vladimir Rogov, who was the first to report what happened.. “Oleg's condition is very serious. (…) Oleg was shot. I ask the Orthodox to pray for Oleg's health,” Rogov wrote on Telegram. A message written by the administrator later appeared on Tsarev's Telegram channel, stating that the politician's relatives confirmed the information about the assassination attempt.

During his time as a Ukrainian deputy, Tsaryov was part of Victor Yanukovych's Party of Regions.

Oleg Tsaryov was born in 1970 Dnipropetrovsk (now Dnipro), Soviet Ukraine. He represented his region in the Rada and was one of the most fervent supporters of the violent dispersal of the Maidan protests between 2013 and 2014.. He called the protesters “terrorists and bandits”. Shortly afterward he was expelled from his party..

In July 2014 he took refuge in the separatist regions and became speaker of the Parliament of Novorossiya, a confederation that includes the separatist People's Republics of Donetsk and Lugansk.. He held the position until its dissolution in May 2015.

For years he has been wanted by Ukrainian police accused of promoting separatism.. and violence. After Boris Johnson's visit to kyiv on April 10, Tsaryov proposed shooting down planes with foreign politicians, even though his son went to study in the United Kingdom. In Ukraine he was sentenced in absentia to 12 years in prison for “attacking the territorial integrity of Ukraine” and “trying to overthrow the constitutional order”. Furthermore, in May 2023 he was accused in absentia of treason.

His most famous incident was when, a month after the start of the invasion. On March 20, 2022, Tsaryov addressed the acting mayor of Zelensky's hometown, Kryvyi Rih, to surrender, warning him that “his” Russian troops “are now near the city.”. Tsaryov addressed councilor Oleksandr Vilkul because “they used to be my party colleagues” and recalled that Vikul “had always adopted a pro-Russian stance”. On Facebook Vikul responded to Tsaryov: “Fuck you, traitor, and your masters too!”.

Currently he was away from politics and managed clinics in the Black Sea. When his name was floated to replace a deposed Zelensky if the Moscow coup was successful, Tsaryov himself ruled out that possibility, saying that the idea was “quite funny” because he was simply running a health and wellness business in Crimea and he “wasn't the important enough.”

Other Ukrainians loyal to Vladimir Putin, such as Yevheniy Murayev and Victor Medvedchuk, also sounded like possible 'viceroys' imposed by the Russian regime if Moscow's coup against Kiev had worked.. But the abandonment of attempts to take the capital frustrated the ambitions of the entire pro-Russian caste..

Former Chinese Prime Minister Li Keqiang, Beijing's second most powerful politician in the last decade, dies

His last major public speech was last March to open the first session of China's annual political conclave.. Prime Minister Li Keqiang, as he had done so many other times, appeared in front of the 3,000 delegates of the National People's Congress and read the usual parish leaflet of the Communist Party, exposing some of the latest achievements of the Government, giving glimpses of the future management policy and forecasts on the growth of the economy. After two five-year terms, always in the shadow of the omnipresent President Xi Jinping, Li said goodbye to the legislature that day.. He was retiring. Almost eight months later, he died suddenly of a heart attack in Shanghai.

“He died ten minutes after midnight on Friday despite all efforts to revive him,” read a note issued by the state broadcaster CCTV.. Li was 68 years old and, during the last decade, he was the second most powerful politician in the Asian giant.

Even last year, with the country's economy being torn apart by restrictions under the zero Covid policy and with popular fatigue with continuous closures, the profile of this veteran economist gained strength as a more reformist counterweight to the conservative nationalism of Xi Jinping .

There were many rumors about whether Li, just as his boss extended his power for an unprecedented third term since the Mao Zedong era, would renew the position of prime minister for another term.. In the end, in the midst of a reorganization of key positions in the party, the boss of the Asian superpower retired the person who had been his right-hand man and firm defender of the country's openness..

In the early years of Xi's government, the prime minister was responsible for macroeconomic policies. He was seen by many as a kind of guru of unbridled economic growth.. But the truth is that, little by little, his hand in key decisions weakened while President Xi concentrated more and more power in his figure..

The number 2, on many occasions, seemed little more than an extra with a more diplomatic than executive role.. But the pandemic arrived and Li reemerged, leading the strategy to combat the spread of the virus, as well as supervising all the necessary steps that had to be taken so that the economy did not collapse.

Li comes from humble origins in Anhui province, eastern China. The son of a low-level official and experienced in the youth of the party, he trained in the capital, where he earned a doctorate in Economics from Peking University and went on to win the Sun Yefang Prize, the most important award in economic circles. chinese. In 1998, at the age of 43, he was appointed governor of Henan, a province in the center of the country, being the youngest politician in Chinese history to hold that position..

He went through several CCP secretariats in a couple of provinces until he returned to Beijing in 2008 as vice prime minister.. Then, his name was widely heard as a candidate to replace former President Hu Jintao.. He was the favorite in all the pools. Finally, Xi Jinping was chosen and Li was promoted to prime minister in 2013.. He took office with force, leading popular economic policies of structural reform and debt reduction, which were baptized as “Likonomics.”

But his hand at the reform helm lasted until Xi promoted himself as head of the Leading Group on Comprehensively Deepening Reform, one of the strong groups directing economic policies.. In 2018, Li, who also held the second seat on the Politburo Standing Committee, the top ruling body, was re-elected for a second five-year term. But Xi, on that occasion, entrusted economic management to one of his trusted men, former Vice Premier Liu He.

Relatives of those kidnapped by Hamas demand Spain's support: "There is no precedent for the criminal kidnapping of such a large mass of civilians"

Only a small fraction – about 2.8% – of Israel's more than nine million inhabitants live on kibbutzim.. For their residents, they are more than just plots of land formerly used for agriculture and an example of cooperativism.. They are, as five relatives of Israelis kidnapped in Gaza explained this Thursday, rather “extended families”, being the “best and safest place to live for Jews”. That was, until Hamas arrived on October 7.

“The terrorists entered the kibbutz and massacred an entire community. They burned houses with people inside. They went house to house and kidnapped or killed neighbors,” explained Marev Mor Raviv, whose uncles, cousin and nephew were kidnapped in Nahal Oz on the morning of October 7.. The body of another cousin of his was found dead, riddled with bullets and with his hands tied, lying on the road 48 hours later. “My family has been in the kibbutz for more than 50 years, it is their home. My uncle Avraham has been helping children from Gaza for years to come to Israel to receive better medical treatment. We have always wanted peace, but what these people do…. I can't even call them people or animals.. They are something that we are not able to understand. Help us save our families,” he asked.

Mor Raviv was just one of five Israelis who traveled to Madrid this Thursday – during a European tour that will also take them to Brussels, The Hague and Berlin, among other cities – to demand the release of their loved ones held by the Islamist group and the help from the Spanish Government and denounce the “war crimes” that Hamas has openly documented on social networks. In total, at least 224 people have been arrested and are believed to be held in the Gaza Strip.. The relatives made this request at a press conference held at the headquarters of the Jewish Community of Madrid after meeting with the Spanish Minister of Foreign Affairs, José Manuel Albares, where they also demanded the support of the Executive for the release of the hostages.

The event, which took place just a few minutes after Hamas announced the death of 50 kidnapped by Israeli bombings, was attended by the Israeli ambassador to Spain, Rodica Radian-Gordon, who thanked her compatriots for “sharing their first-hand testimonies” and asked the Spanish people to “join” his requests for release.

“There is no precedent in the world for the criminal kidnapping of such a large mass of civilians, it is a clear war crime, with all the ethical, legal and international connotations. I have come here today to ask Spain and all democratic communities not to remain silent and demand the release of my relatives,” claimed Maayan Sigal-Koren.

This Israeli with Argentine nationality has five relatives in the hands of Hamas, including her mother, who live in the Nir Vitzhak kibbutz. He deduced that Hamas had not murdered his family after authorities visited the family home: “The army entered their house but found no trace of them.”. “The house was in disarray, but there were no signs of physical violence or blood.”. Later, the mobile phones of his mother, his stepfather, his uncles and his cousin were traced in Gaza.

“It's been 20 days now and there hasn't been a single day that my children haven't asked where my mother is and why we can't go to Gaza to bring her home.”. I just want help to bring them all safe and sound,” pleaded Maayan, who assured that they searched the videos released by Hamas but could not find them.

Wearing T-shirts with the phrase in English “Bring them home now” and photos of their parents Raz and Ohad, Yulie Ben Ami and her partner Roberto César Padrón Meyer cried when listening to the testimonies of their compatriots. Unlike the others, they experienced firsthand the entry of the Islamist group into the Be'eri kibbutz, one of the most massacred in the coordinated attack against Israel.

“I woke up at 6:20 in the morning and 10 minutes later I received a message saying that someone had entered the kibbutz. There were shouts in Arabic and many shots. At 7, I spoke to my mother on WhatsApp and she told me that she was already at the shelter, but that she had heard the terrorists outside,” explained Yulie.. Two hours later, Hamas had destroyed her parents' house, and around 11 a.m., Yulie received a photo of her father in pajamas in Gaza with two terrorists holding his hands.. It was not until almost 8:42 p.m. when the army rescued them, along with their sister: “We saw bodies lying on the ground. Even when we reached the safe place, the terrorists were still shooting.”

Several of the relatives, including Yulie, criticized the actions of the Red Cross, which is in Gaza, but does not provide help to the kidnapped: “My mother is sick, she needs medicine. We don't know if he is receiving them, or how long he will be able to survive without them.. “We want them to be given medicine so they can be well.”

With a broken voice, Naama Weinberg joined the requests for the release of her compatriots, regretting “the absolute ignorance” about her loved ones.. “This issue is not only an Israeli problem, but one for the entire world.”. We cannot remain silent, we need immediate help,” concluded the young woman, whose uncles were murdered in Be'eri and who has her cousin, Itai Sirvsky, 38, kidnapped.. “We ask that Spain speak with the only two countries that speak with Hamas [Qatar and Iran]. If we do not want the same thing that happened with ISIS to happen again, we have to act now. We beg you to help us free them.”

The leaders of the 27 call for "humanitarian corridors and pauses" in Gaza and plead for an "international peace conference soon"

The EU has been insisting for years that “quickly learning to speak the language of power” is not an option but a necessity. The problem is that while in various parts of the globe that language is spoken with aircraft carriers, credible threats and deploying troops, in Brussels, too often, it is limited to semantic fights, to weeks of intense fighting literally just over an adjective or a comma..

What happened these days, and this Thursday on the first day of the European Council that brought together the heads of state and government of the 27 is a perfect example. After hesitant beginnings, a controversy over Ursula von der Leyen's desire for prominence and criticism for an attempt to rewrite the community position on the conflict between Israel and Palestine, a series of clear conclusions were reached in the middle of the month.. A unanimous, resounding condemnation, without nuances, of the massacre perpetrated by Hamas. An insistence on Israel's right to self-defense, but within international law. And the need to provide humanitarian aid to the people of Gaza. From there, the problems.

The battle at the meeting of foreign ministers last Monday, and of ambassadors and Sherpas since then, has centered on a few words. At the summit they have talked or are going to talk about the EU's annual Budget and the need to increase contributions to face challenges that were impossible to anticipate when they were negotiated; of Ukraine and how support must be maintained even though the cameras and the planet's attention have gone back to the Middle East. From the Sahel and other regional concerns. But the important thing, where the power, politics, feelings, passions are, is the part of Israel and Gaza. That's where language, of power or powerlessness, transforms into something else..

Although from the outside it may seem incredible, ridiculous, embarrassing or pathetic, the bulk of the discussion has been centered around a few words and just a couple of ideas.. Everyone agrees that urgent help is needed (food, water, fuel, medicine) and that there cannot be bombings for the trucks to arrive every day.. But while some wanted a “ceasefire” request, others maintained that it was too much, an interference in Israel's plan and its right to defense.. That is why they advocate using only the expression “humanitarian pause”. But even there they disagree, because some capitals, including Washington, would prefer to talk about “pauses,” in the plural, which sounds, to their ears, more informal and vague.. The paroxysm reached its peak when Austria came to the room talking about “windows for humanitarian corridors to open”, something that no one really understands what it means..

Much of the debate has focused on something like this, which few can understand while so much is at stake and many people die. “Language matters, this is how agreements are reached, clarifying, polishing words, fighting commas. It matters, it is the way to position yourself in the European Union. We are a peace project that is based on rules, defending values, and the way to do it is like this. “Words are important if they serve to achieve the objectives,” a senior European source explained these days in the face of criticism for the feeling of importance..

The leaders, therefore, have dedicated their afternoon and night to it and in the end the agreement was something in between, a paragraph that begins by expressing “serious concern about the deterioration of the situation in Gaza”, a request for “humanitarian access to reach continuously, quickly and safely to those who need it”. And to do this, they defend, “all necessary measures, including humanitarian corridors and breaks for humanitarian needs”, a horrible, confusing expression, but acceptable in the end for everyone..

The day before, diplomats from the continent were confident that the document of conclusions would be “stabilized” enough so that the discussion could be freer, more substantial.. But it was not like that. In the room, Ireland and Spain were the two most combative countries. Both wanted a “ceasefire”, more forceful or an emphasis on the protection of civilians “at all times and in line with international law”, something that was ultimately achieved.. There was no force, however, to resurrect the reference to the United Nations and the role of Antonio Guterres, something that was in the first drafts of the draft conclusions and disappeared as the week began to get ugly..

Pedro Sánchez, also active this weekend at the conference held in Cairo, is the one who has most clearly defended the UN Secretary General and the one who has most requested a peace conference to recover dialogue and begin to build bridges.. Their insistence, which some delegations at the end of the afternoon almost blocked due to their insistence, was rewarded. The document speaks, in point 18, that the EU must “contribute to reviving the political process on the basis of the two-state solution” and says that the European Council “supports the holding of an international peace conference soon”. Something that Spain would like to host, just as it wants to use the next meeting of the Union Minister for the Mediterranean to promote that diplomatic moment.

There is a completely fair criticism of that feeling of division, of impotence, of wasting time for something that doesn't matter too much.. Because European countries can say what they want, ask for ceasefires, pauses or windows, but what the actors involved want to do is another matter.. But then there is another part of the criticism that does not take into account the functioning of the EU. Which is slow, bureaucratic, naive at times, but it has a method. It is the only way to understand each other, to coordinate, to move forward 27. “Unlike what we saw in Ukraine, here each country has a historical position, sympathies, inheritances, debts.. The Middle East is something else and that is why it is so important to establish a position down to the smallest detail,” explains a senior community source involved in this negotiation.. Only in this way, when everyone agrees on every comma, can there be a guide, a compass, and thus, when someone deviates, it rings the alarms.

It is frustrating, it is insufficient and it does not seem to be the most operational mechanism for a world that advances at breakneck speed, that demands or demands positioning in minutes, where sparks fly no matter what is done.. But it is, at least for the moment and as long as foreign policy always requires unanimity, the only and best thing there is.. Perhaps a community of values is not valid in a Hobbesian world, but it is a starting point on which to build and unite the wills, traumas and interests of 27 countries that until not long ago hated or fought against each other in zero-sum games..

Puigdemont claims the unilateral declaration of independence and threatens to apply it after being amnestied

Carles Puigdemont once again warns Pedro Sánchez that he will not renounce unilateralism to consummate secession when he is amnestied. The former president of the Generalitat has today claimed as valid the unilateral declaration of independence that he proclaimed in Parliament six years ago and has threatened to apply it in the future.

“The Parliament proclaimed the independence of Catalonia based on the results of the referendum of October 1 and, we have not resigned, nor will we ever resign,” said the fugitive from Justice.

Then the order came. “We keep it alive for when the independence movement as a whole knows how to come together in a single strategy,” Puigdemont has warned, making it clear that his objective is to achieve independence by any means, that is, both through holding a referendum agreed with the Government, as well as through other unilateral action such as the one that took place with 1-O.

Puigdemont thus embraces a maximalist position only surpassed by the ANC proposal, which defends applying the unilateral declaration of independence immediately after the amnesty has been approved and the Government has assumed by law that 1-O or the actions derived from it constituted a crime.

Although ERC prefers to agree on a secessionist vote with Sánchez's eventual Executive, it also avoids completely ruling out the unilateral route, out of conviction and in order not to lose sight of the ever more ambitious demands of Junts.. Without going any further, yesterday the Republicans conveyed to the Minister of the Presidency, Félix Bolaños, the need for the preamble of the amnesty law to explicitly state that 1-O was not a crime.. It is after the decriminalization of the referendum that the Supreme Court ruled as illegal that Puigdemont considers it viable to resurrect the unilateral declaration of independence as the State has assumed that nothing that happened in the fall of 2017 is judicially prosecutable.

Feijóo raises the complaint to Europe that Sánchez is in the hands of Puigdemont and settles the internal debate in the PP about Catalonia

Unprecedented electoral results, unacceptable pacts by the country's acting president, personal and territorial integrity, threats to the rule of law and “illegal, undemocratic and immoral” amnesties. These are the issues that the president of the Popular Party, Alberto Núñez Feijóo, put on the European table this Thursday in a meeting with members of his political family in Brussels, wanting to explain how 47 million people are in the hands of Carles Puigdemont , fled, claimed by Justice, the man whom the President of the Government now in office promised to bring and with whom his political survival is now being negotiated.

Before each European Council, the groups organize meetings with their prime ministers, community leaders and opposition leaders, to be on the same page, set priorities and outline lines of action.. Feijóo attended the meeting, the first since the Spaniards went to the polls in July, and the message he wanted to convey is that he could have been president, but he said no because he was not willing to pay the price, something that has been applauded and recognized by his people, as explained by those around him. Also that the rule of law is in danger and that the Government's policy does not reflect the feelings of the citizens, especially in foreign policy.. “I have apologized to my colleagues on behalf of the Spanish people for embarrassing us and for the outbursts,” he said in reference to the position of the Executive, or rather part of it, both on the war in Ukraine and on the Hamas attacks. and Israel's response.

The European agenda is very busy this month of October, but so is the national one.. The popular leader has met with the president of the European People's Party and strong candidate to lead Poland, Donald Tusk. And also with the European Commissioner for Justice, Didier Reynders. His figure is one of the most important right now for the opposition in Spain. Citizens and PP write and call him constantly, they send him all the news about what is happening in our country, both at the level of the CGPJ or the Constitutional Court and about the possible amnesty law, not to mention the reform of embezzlement crimes.. The commissioner is very on top, he knows perfectly the situation, the position of the parties, but right now he is silent. Reynders does not want to rule on the possible amnesty law while there is no formal text, and/or while the judges ask him at the highest level for his intervention.. But listen to the parties.

“All countries know that I was only three votes away from the presidency and that another candidate, the second party that lost the elections, is trying to build an alternative. And they know perfectly well the conditions of separatism for the investiture. It is inevitable to give them information,” he said about his conversations.. “With Commissioner Reynders we have spoken about matters that are related to Spain. The rule of law, of course, and the amnesty is part of that,” explained Núñez Feijóo.

“Concrete conversations belong to the private sphere. I have told you about the amnesty, of course, because it affects the rule of law. I can't be more explicit but I can't be more sincere either.. It affects the rule of law in any country, just as Eurocrimes such as embezzlement and corruption affect everyone.. The commissioner knows the situation in Spain very well. He has traveled, he has recently been in Barcelona with the president of the Generalitat, he will return…. and has a lot of information about what is happening in the area,” he concluded about that meeting that lasted about an hour and that the popular team considers a success.

In an appearance before the media, the popular leader summarized how he explained the situation in the country to his partners, how he renounced paying the price to be president and how Sánchez, according to his vision, is “willing to do anything to maintain the presidency.”. An agreement with the communists, the extreme left, the independentists, the separatists or taking a photo with the political heirs of ETA. I have not accepted Puigdemont's conditions And I have informed my colleagues that I have renounced the possibility because I cannot accept the conditions of the independence movement, of Junts, ERC and Bildu. Not everything goes in politics, I reaffirm myself. “The rule of law is not negotiated, the integrity of the nation is not susceptible to being negotiated with anyone.”

Internal crisis and informal contacts

In recent weeks, information about tensions, frictions or open clashes within the Popular Party on behalf of Catalonia has proliferated.. Feijóo has clearly changed his tone and while he attacks Bildu or ERC very harshly he has lowered or changed his tone with Junts. He is open to contacts, he has changed the line that was in force since 2017, first saying that a party with a long tradition is not the same as some of its members. But even now he is very careful with his words towards Puigdemont, which would not have pleased Alberto Fernández in the least.

Expressly asked if there is unrest, internal criticism, differences of opinion or clashes, Feijóo has removed iron and settled the issue: “I am unaware that there are tensions with the PP because I am president and I understand that I would be the first to find out.”. “If there is a politician in Spain who has resigned from the presidency it is me, I do not know any other colleague, from my party included, who has resigned from being mayor or whatever for saying no to the independence proposals after winning.”

Another issue is your position. On Wednesday, in Catalonia, he spoke of contacts between his people and Puigdemont's people, although “not direct or personal”. Also asked about the issue, he reiterated that “there is no contact with Puigdemont, I have said it”, but “If Junts wants to talk and make proposals we will receive them and we will study and respond.”. We do not speak with Bildu until it facilitates the authorship of more than 300 murders without a known perpetrator. If the rest want to send us comments, we will receive, study and respond.. With Junts I have been forceful: amnesty is not possible, it is illegal, amoral and undemocratic.”

In a note this Thursday, the Cercle d'Economia has assured that it is in favor of the amnesty as a legislative measure that contributes “to turning the page on events that should never have occurred”, while advocating that the beneficiaries should accept the framework of the Constitution according to Europa Press. However, the business entity has said that these measures should not respond to partisan calculations (it has suggested that they should be accompanied by a renunciation of unilateralism and that the pardon be agreed with the PP) and has warned of the risks of approving an amnesty “to win an investiture.”

Feijóo has said that he is at the “antipodes” of what the Government is negotiating on its own, especially because it is not a measure to cure, heal, bring together, unite, but quite the opposite.. “This amnesty is not reconciliation, it is a political transaction. We would not delve into coexistence, but rather into the convenience of someone who after losing wants to be president. We are not in any case in a reconciliation in Catalonia, but rather seeking a transaction for seven votes so that Sánchez remains president after losing. It is reasonable for the Cercle to say that the major State agreements should be made between the two major parties of the State,” he concluded.