All posts by Carmen Gomaro

Carmen Gomaro - leading international news and investigative reporter. Worked at various media outlets in Spain, Argentina and Colombia, including Diario de Cádiz, CNN+, Telemadrid and EFE.

The 2018 Andalusian pact on regional financing puts Minister Montero on the ropes

The reactivation of the debate on the regional financing model has caught Andalusia with its homework well done. The regional Parliament agreed in 2018 on a common position, endorsed by all the parties that were then represented in the Chamber, except one, Ciudadanos, which is no longer in the assembly. PP and PSOE, therefore, have, a priori, a document signed by both parties to defend a joint position.

But what should be an advantage for Andalusia can become a threat to the interests of Pedro Sánchez in the negotiation of his investiture. Because the political fronts have changed and the one who then led that demand, María Jesús Montero, is today the (acting) minister with the task of putting together a proposal that allows the PSOE to win the support of Catalan separatism even at the risk of setting fire to the relationships with other communities.

Montero will have to juggle this negotiation if he wants to serve the interests of Sánchez well.. But, on the other hand, if Andalusia is harmed again by this new distribution, the doors could be definitively closing to a return to regional politics to replace Juan Espadas.

At the time that agreement was negotiated, the Board was chaired by Susana Díaz and the Government, by Mariano Rajoy. Today the PSOE is in the central Executive (acting) and the PP presides over the autonomous government with an absolute majority. In the five years that have elapsed since that parliamentary pact, the status quo has taken a radical turn pending what happens with the investiture of Pedro Sánchez.

The agreement that Montero championed in Andalusia and to which the PP of Juanma Moreno joined claimed up to 4,000 million euros more per year for the autonomous community. The negotiated text was based on the fact that to cover the costs of the fundamental public services system in Spain as a whole, an extra injection of some 16,000 million euros more per year was required, a figure that was calculated taking into account what the cost of these services in the years 2014 and 2015.

In order to achieve financial sufficiency, it was proposed to maintain the assignment of 50 percent of personal income tax and raise the percentages of assignment of VAT and that of Special Taxes to 70 percent.. The possibility of what the document calls a “vertical transfer” of resources or, what amounts to the same thing, an increase in the participation of communities in State revenues, was also left open, in the conviction that, in Currently, the State has a disproportionate slice of the pie based on the volume of its powers.

In order to distribute the funds among the autonomous communities, the agreement proposed a revision of the concept of “adjusted population”, so that it would come as close as possible to the real, “by law” population of the communities. The “adjusted population” is the result of applying a series of corrective parameters to the “entitled” population so as to take into account the particular circumstances of each community that may affect the final cost of services, such as insularity, in the case of the Balearic and Canary Islands, or the age of the population. Well, Andalusia proposed that the volume of the school-age population up to 18 years of age be taken into account, as well as all students enrolled in public universities, including postgraduate studies, the unemployment rate and the population at risk of poverty and social exclusion.

The parties that signed the pact claimed as their objective the “total leveling” of financing between the autonomous communities for all public services derived from homogeneous powers, in such a way that the equity criterion is met according to which “there would be equal financing per inhabitant (“adjusted”) for any Spanish citizen, regardless of their place of residence and given the same tax effort”.

Harmonization of taxes

In the same way, it was claimed that the traditional ceded taxes be harmonized, setting minimum standards of regulation at the national level that eliminate the possibility of generating comparative grievances between communities as well as fiscal dumping, a clause that is undoubtedly inspired by the open political debate on Inheritance and Gift Tax.

The PP accepted this last section so as not to jeopardize the agreement but, without a doubt, its position in this regard has evolved in the opposite direction. In fact, the Government of Juanma Moreno advanced from its position in the same direction as the Community of Madrid, eliminating the Inheritance tax by way of bonuses and reducing the Heritage tax to a minimum.

In any case, that Parliament agreement gave the PP additional legitimacy when it came to demanding a change in the law that regulates the financing of the autonomous communities, since when it signed the pact with Susana Díaz it did so despite that this meant increasing the pressure on the government of Mariano Rajoy.

Later, with Sánchez in Moncloa, the PP highlighted the contradictions of Minister Montero, unable to defend in the Council of Ministers the agreement that she had promoted in the Andalusian Parliament. In the same way, the Government of Juanma Moreno had no political reservations to seek alliances with other communities then governed by the PSOE, such as the Valencian one, to claim a joint position of force against the immobility of the central Executive. And this despite the fact that the debate generates a strong conflict of interest for the leadership of the PP because not all the communities governed by the popular supporters defend the same negotiation model.. The differences are substantial with the criteria defended, for example, by the Xunta de Galicia, then chaired by Alberto Núñez Feijóo, the same one who today would have to face the reactivation of the debate from a complicated position of territorial neutrality as president of the PP.

Too much Van der Poel in Glasgow, exhibition and rainbow jersey after overcoming a fall

Mathieu van der Poel, with streaks on his smiling face, raised his arms under an indecisive sky that alternated the jets of water with the rays of the sun. He bathed in both after attacking at the right time and with the right force.. After having fallen when slipping on a treacherous floor and combining greatness with risk, courage with shock, and pleasure with anguish.

Sore, but happy; with red scratches, drenched in sweat and water; the uniform torn, but the body intact; Dirty asphalt, but resplendent with glory, he was proclaimed world champion. Behind him, an impressive trio, unbeatable, the rest, except Evenepoel, of the top favourites: Wout van Aert, at 1:37. And, at 1:45, Tadej Pogacar, who surprisingly beat Mads Pedersen in the sprint. A dream podium, a gift for the official photo of an unforgettable World Cup.

Mathieu, winner in San Remo and Roubaix, offered some doubts after his weak performance in the Tour. Even so, he never lacked for a barrage of favorable forecasts.. The route favored him and, in the end, the route and the man honored each other. A “parcours” similar to a criterium, but brutal. To a “kermesse”, but wild. They were 271 kms., Many of which, the last, after leaving Edinburgh, in a street circuit in Glasgow. And, in addition, a circuit with 460 curves, 45 per lap. And endless steep “studs”. Technical, tough, dangerous… weird. The anticipated World Cup, the World Cup in summer was the World Cup in autumn. In other words, from the Scottish summer: water and 14 degrees.

But it turned out, in the end, a monument to cycling within a demolition task that exhausted the men until turning any of the fifty survivors into a hero. The entire race, from the first metre, was nothing more than a preparatory exercise for the tremendous finish. A World Cup is like a classic. And, as in all classics, there is always an early break from modest runners and destined for failure.. This time it was carried out by nine adventurers without hope, but with honor.

They endured a lot. They came to have an advantage of, rounding, eight minutes. So, with 192 km to go. for the finish line, the race was neutralized due to a protest demonstration, worthy of a better cause, whatever, and, above all, a more appropriate setting. Since no camera recorded it, no one found out who the “protestants” were, who stuck to the road with some potion, or what they were complaining about or what they were demanding. They altered the course of events, screwed up in bulk, and got nowhere. Congratulations.

But somehow the test took on new life. The peloton stretched and quickened the march. The escapees, however, managed to reach the circuit with a 4:52 advantage. They were slowly but inexorably losing it until their disappearance. Two moments marked the future of the test. When there were still 55 kms left!, a bold Alberto Bettiol left the group. He revolutionized everything in a peloton that lost people, recovered them, although not all of them and, in general, pedaled with “the hook” and offered changing and, of course, exhausting alternatives.

With 16 men remaining, still with Bettiol ahead, the Ecuadorian Narváez skidded on the already slippery ground and, sliding across the width of the road, crashed into the fences. The accident caused an instant touch to Zafarrancho. The “Fab Four” (Van der Poel, Pogacar, Van Aert, Pedersen) were left alone and left behind a trio made up of Powless, Schmid and Skujins. A little further back, conspicuously, Evenepoel, Neilands, Kung and Dinham.

The quartet caught Bettiol. And, at that moment, Van der Poel attacked. You already know the result. The last Dutch world champion was Joop Zoetemelk 38 years ago. Van der Poel has wound up History while helping to make it. Ion Izagirre, dragged by Matteo Trentin, who tripped over the legs of the fences, abandoned. And Alex Aranburu finished nineteenth, 8:30 behind Van der Poel.

With an overtaking in extremis, Aleix Espargaró takes his second victory in Moto GP

Aleix Espargaró knew how to wait for his moment. Although, perhaps, he could have passed before a Pecco Bagnaia who led practically the entire race, the Aprilia rider knew how to save his ace up his sleeve just for when the current world championship leader could no longer reply.

In the penultimate sector, a few meters from the checkered flag, with increasingly pressing rain, Aleix took advantage of the speed he had been displaying throughout the weekend at Silverstone to open up the throttle, take the lead and score thus the second MotoGP victory of his career.

This British Grand Prix, which is added to the Argentine Grand Prix won last year, has undoubtedly suited him wonderfully.. And the truth is that Bagnaia can't regret his second place much either, since it allowed him to widen the gap a little more with his most direct pursuers in the table: Jorge Martín, who remains second, was sixth, and Marco Bezzecchi, for now, still third in the running, he crashed after engaging in a very intense duel with Pecco for many laps.

«It has been crazy, from the first round. Even starting from 12th place, I felt good on the bike, it was one of those days where you feel invincible. The bike turned well and had very good braking stability. The truth is that my plan was to overtake Pecco and try to get away, but, with the rain, I thought it was better to keep the place, let him open the track and have something else at the end to try to overtake him.. The last few laps have been very dramatic, many riders were following us and the bike began to slip. In the end, it was unbelievable”, said Aleix Espargaró himself as soon as he finished the race. His last move was completely masterful. For this reason, it is not surprising that many drivers, including Pecco Bagnaia himself, congratulated him effusively on his victory.

“It's been complicated, yes.. With the rain, I didn't know where the limit would be, but, as the weekend has gone, so complicated, finishing second pleases me,” said the world championship leader.

To tell the truth, Bagnaia signed a great performance almost until the end. He took the lead for the first time at the end of the first lap and, after a one-on-one with Bezzecchi, he won first place that he would not let go almost until his last breath.. The side-by-side fight between the two Italians, truncated in the end by the fall of Bezzecchi, was one of the many incentives that had a MotoGP Silverstone Grand Prix in which, in fact, the overtaking did not stop happening in the head positions.

Brad Binder and Maverick Viñales, at times, also came to roll as seconds. The most constant, despite everything, would be an Aleix Espargaró who would end up achieving a more than fair prize for his good work with the piloting. Above all, when, in the final moments of the race, the rain began to become more intense. So much so that a change of motorcycle was even allowed, something that, however, only a handful of riders would resort to. Among them, a Fabio Quartararo who saw how the fairing of his mount had been completely destroyed after a spectacular brush with Luca Marini.

The Marquezes

Álex Márquez, winner of the sprint race on Saturday, for his part, was betrayed by the mechanics of his motorcycle on this occasion. The one from Cervera had no choice but to abandon after detecting some problems with the change. And much worse luck befell his older brother, Marc, who once again hit his bones on the asphalt.

Enea Bastianini and Joan Mir, for their part, could not finish the race either. As for the rest of the Spanish riders in contention, in addition to sixth place that allows Jorge Martín to remain second in the World Championship, Raúl Fernández was finally tenth; Augusto Fernández, eleventh; Pol Espargaró, who was finally able to finish the race on Sunday despite the precautions expressed this weekend, the weekend of his return to the circuits, finished twelfth and Iker Lecuona, for his part, closed the standings with his seventeenth place.

"We are all with you": Pau Gasol, Willy Hernangómez, Llull and other players show their support for Ricky Rubio

Ricky Rubio has received dozens of signs of support this Saturday from former teammates such as Jose Manuel Calderón or Pau Gasol as well as active players such as Willy Hernangómez or Rudy Fernández after announcing that he is going to “stop his professional activity” as a basketball player to “take care of his mental health”.

“We have known each other for many years and you know what I think of you. Now more than ever. I love you very much. We are with you. Much encouragement”, has published his former teammate in the Spanish team Calderón on his social networks.

The two-time NBA champion and former teammate Pau Gasol also wanted to dedicate an affectionate message to the point guard of the Cleveland Cavaliers. “Always on your team, Ricky. We are all with you,” he wrote.

Willy Hernangómez, a current teammate in the national team and with whom he has spent these weeks preparing the World Cup in the Philippines, Japan and Indonesia, also sent his message of support: “Never too high, never too low…. RR”.

“In 'La Familia', people have always come before results. All my love and support for Ricky, and my admiration for his transparency and through it his ability, once again, to lead by example,” coach Sergio Scariolo said on his Twitter profile.

His colleague Sergio Llull has also wished him “lots of encouragement” on social networks: “May that smile never disappear. We love you”

Spain makes history in the World Cup of surprises

The Spanish team managed to make history this Saturday in a rather atypical World Cup. Jorge Vilda's team reached the quarterfinals after beating Switzerland by a landslide (1-5). It may not seem like a great achievement, but it is the first time in this tournament that Spain has managed to pass a tie. In the two previous tournaments they had lost in the group stage, in Canada 2015, and in the round of 16 against the United States, in France 2019. So what happened last day is no small thing.

The coach had already predicted at a press conference that they were going to win this game, and he was not wrong. Few were the ones who trusted, and more when they saw the starting eleven for which Vilda bet. Five changes were made, with two rookies in the tournament. It was the case of Cata Coll and Laia Codina. The absence of Misa Rodríguez was a bit surprising, but after the win nobody noticed it.

The team went on the attack from the first minute, seeking to get ahead early on the scoreboard. It was there that the figure of Aitana Bonmatí emerged, who took the trophy for the best player of the match, and no wonder. He scored a double and gave two assists. Alba Redondo, Jenni Hermoso and Laia Codina also scored. The latter managed to make up for a mistake it had made minutes before, after scoring an own goal that equalized Switzerland. A predicament that lasted very little.

With this victory it has been possible to verify that Spain is prepared to compete and that the setback against Japan is now a thing of the past, but that it has helped them come back stronger. Now the national team is waiting to find out who will be their rival in the quarterfinals. He will find out this morning after the match between the Netherlands and South Africa (4:00 am).

surprising eliminations

The Spanish team has begun to be seen as one of the favorites to lift the title. There are other countries that were also on the list and have had a pretty amazing tournament, but not exactly for the better.. Brazil fell in the group stage, something that had not happened since 1995. His elimination was not the only surprise, Marta, one of the most well-known faces of the team announced that his retirement as an international.

But it wasn't the only big disappointment.. Germany also failed to qualify for the round of 16. To this elimination are added those of Argentina and Italy that also failed to pass the round.

The performance of the United States, current champion, was also surprising.. They qualified for the round of 16, which they will play this Sunday against Sweden, but more was expected from the American team. They only managed one victory and drew the other two games, which caused them to finish second in the group.

It is not being the World Cup of the great powers, and it is that another of the favourites, Norway, fell in the second round this Saturday against Japan. It was a duel between two world champions, in which the Japanese won 3-1. A classification to take into account because the crossing against Spain can occur again in a hypothetical semifinal.

Likewise, there are teams that have revolutionized the tournament such as South Africa, Jamaica and Morocco that for the first time have passed the group stage. And there are also some forecasts that have come true, England, Sweden and France have done their job and have passed as first. The English are the ones that a priori have more affordable qualifiers, since their most difficult match would be played in the semifinals, probably against France or Denmark, but as is already being seen in this World Cup, nothing can be taken for granted.

Ricky Rubio, the positive player's break: "Just as there are times when one physically can't take it anymore, psychologically it also happens"

I was 17 years old when Ricky Rubio stormed basketball like a cyclone. It was presented to the world in 2008 in Beijing in an Olympic Games final against none other than the United States. Spain lost, but the rival point guard, a certain Jason Kidd, said of him: “The sky is the limit.”

And the truth is that at the beginning of his career he played it. Euroleague “Rising Star” Trophy plus title with Barcelona as the youngest player, best point guard in the ACB… and selected fifth in the 2009 Draft by the Minnesota Timberwolves.

He came to the United States with the overtones of a superstar. His duo with Kevin Love wowed in Minnesota and the franchise had high hopes for him.. Until on March 10, 2012, precisely against the Los Angeles Lakers of his friend Pau Gasol, Ricky destroyed his knee.

As a result of that first step through hell, the #StayPositive of the young man from Masnou would be born. That motto in the face of adversity from a boy who has had to overcome very difficult moments in life, usually in the form of long-term injuries such as the ankle problem in 2014. A sprain that became more complicated until it ended in an operation a year later. “Situations happen to us in our lives that we have to integrate in order to overcome them and grow as people and athletes and this is not always easy,” explains David Llopis, sports psychologist.

But the worst was, without a doubt, the death of his mother in 2016 after a long fight against cancer.. An event that caused the basketball player to go through a depression as reflected in a letter in The Players Tribune in 2019. After the death of his mother, Ricky admitted that he “lived angry” and that he came to “blame basketball” for what he was feeling. So he asked for help to be able to overcome a trance that produced “no hatred” for his sport, but “not wanting to go to a game or a training session”. “When a player comes from a psychologically complicated situation, controlling emotional charges is important,” says Llopis.

From that, an even more mature and committed Ricky emerged, he created The Ricky Rubio Foundation, an institution aimed at improving the lives of cancer patients.. And he smiled again with a basketball in his hands.

I would return to heaven in 2019 dressed in the uniform of Spain. Back in China, Ricky Rubio rose together with the team with the gold medal in the World Cup. He was also chosen MVP of the tournament.. “There is a perfectionism that makes you be demanding and want to do better, but there is another that is never satisfied with what it has and this can increase the pressure on the athlete,” says the sports psychologist.

same knee

Then came the pandemic, which was also complicated for the young man, and again the well. In December 2021, he broke the same knee again, but he, always positive and forward. “When a person is not feeling well and decides to stop, it is not a whim and it is not due to lack of interest. There are some reasons, that in many cases one is not aware of what the cause is, but knows that he needs to stop”, says Llopis about the mental swell caused by the ups and downs of a long sporting life.

He returned in January 2023, 380 days after his major injury. He did it at the age of 32, with many past injuries but, it seemed, that with the illusion intact. After an irregular end to the season with his team, the Cleveland Cavaliers, everyone would expect to see him overwhelmed with enthusiasm before this new World Cup appointment with La Familia. “In the same way that there are times when one physically can't take it anymore, psychologically it also happens,” adds Llopis. Faced with the unexpected decision of the young point guard from Masnou to leave.

Rubio has decided to stop to “take care of his mental health”. Perhaps, with that sincere letter to The Players Tribune, he had already warned that this could happen: “As in any other job, there are times when you need a break and you can't have it”. Llopis agrees with the player, but adds a factor regarding the future of his decision: “A momentary withdrawal generates a release initially, but doubts will also appear. In this sense, the support and understanding of the environment is key”.

Simone Biles wins the US Classic on her return to gymnastics

Gymnastics superstar Simone Biles, a four-time Olympic champion, returned to competition this Saturday by winning the US Classic trophy, her first competition since the Tokyo Olympics in 2021.

Biles, 26, bested a collection of top rivals with a terrific performance, scoring a total of 59,100 points in the uneven bars, balance beam, floor exercise and vault events.

The American, who took her long hiatus to take care of her mental health after the problems suffered in Tokyo, wore a smile from beginning to end of the event at the NOW Arena in Hoffman Estates, on the outskirts of Chicago (Illinois), where it was held for the 11,000 fans who filled the stands

BBVA adds 38,000 SMEs as customers in Spain until June, 31.2% more

BBVA has expanded its client portfolio with 37,662 SMEs in Spain in the first half of the year, 31.2% more than in the first half of 2022.

“The evolution of BBVA's business in Spain in the segment of small and medium-sized companies is advancing at a very good pace”, the entity celebrated, which attributes the growth to “the simplicity of processes” and “the expert management” that it offers, among other factors.

Its 'Welcome Business Account' is one of the products with which the bank has attracted small and medium-sized companies between January and June, as it is an account with no commissions and no connection requirements, for which almost 35,000 SMEs have opted in The first semester.

Its help to entrepreneurs has also been key, to which it offers information on the steps to follow to start a business and make it grow, as well as on the procedures and documentation necessary to register the company, on the aid available, financing and the appropriate services necessary to consolidate and expand.

BBVA also allows small and medium-sized companies to sign up through digital channels and make withdrawals from their mobile phones over a specific limit to cover their treasury needs.

The entity also offers information and solutions through 'big data' -even before there is a request- so that SMEs can anticipate when making the best financial decisions. Thus, the client can know, in a personalized way, the credit limits to which they can access, either to undertake, to help their expansion or to reconvert their business model.

Leave of absence to care for children shoots up 45% due to the drop in teleworking and salary improvements

The number of people who request a leave of absence from work to be able to care for their children has skyrocketed by 45% year-on-year in the first six months of the year, to 24,942 employees, compared to the 17,140 who opted for this option in the same period. 2022, according to Social Security data.

This is an unprecedented increase that had not occurred in any year since 2012, when the data series began, and that occurs after three years (2020, 2021 and 2022) of continuous decreases in the number of leaves of absence. requested.

This rise in the number of leaves of absence is not justified by a greater number of births in the country, as might be expected. In fact, between January and May of this year (latest data available), in Spain there have been 129,306 births, according to the INE, compared to the 132,331 that occurred in the first five months of 2022, 2.3% less.

Despite the drop in the birth rate and the fact that fewer families have children, those that do find it more difficult to combine their working career with paternity/maternity, which is why they resort to leaving work in one of the cases, usually that of Mother.

The irruption of the pandemic three years ago meant that many companies in the country adopted teleworking -at first out of obligation, due to home confinement, and later, as a precaution, to avoid contagion in the office- hence families found it easier to reconcile personal and professional life, which caused a continued decrease in the number of requested leaves of absence.

However, the relative return to normality in labor relations and in-person attendance has caused this trend to change again. According to data from the Active Population Survey for the second quarter of this year, 17.9 million workers in the country do not work from home even a single day of the week (compared to the 14.6 million who were in this situation in 2020). ), with which the return to the office has had an impact on the rise in furloughs.

Another -more positive- factor that may explain this rebound is the fact that the Spanish economy has recovered its pre-pandemic levels and that the labor market is behaving extraordinarily, which generates confidence among workers regarding the maintenance of the employment. In addition, especially after the agreement between employers and unions, salaries are rising in the country, which could lead some families to feel more secure in order to leave one of the two jobs temporarily.

In any case, beyond the rise that has occurred since 2020, the number of leaves of absence requested in Spain is now much higher than it was in 2012, the year in which the registry began, when 16,691 leaves of absence were requested in the first half of the year. At that time, the Spanish economy was in recession and the unemployment rate stood at 24.8%, more than double the current rate, which could also discourage the request for these permits.

A women's problem

Mothers are the ones who mostly take leave to care for their children. Of the total number of workers who have requested it up to June, 21,089 were women and only 3,853 were men.

This means that 84.5% of leaves of absence are requested by women. They are the ones who sacrifice their working life for two different reasons or a combination of both: they tend to have a lower salary than their father, which makes it more profitable for the family nucleus if they stop working, and/or Historically, it is women who have been in charge of caring for their children, so in the event that one of the two parents leaves their job to face this task, they are the ones who occupy this role.

In addition, the lack of public places in nurseries that facilitate reconciliation with work life forces many families to have to hire professional caregivers, with which the expense involved is similar to what is lost when requesting a leave of absence. .

Although it is dramatic that for every five women who request a leave of absence, only one man does; The truth is that statistics show an improvement in this proportion. In 2012, 93.7% of leaves of absence were requested by mothers and only 6.2% were for fathers, compared to the percentages of 84.5% and 15.5% that are currently registered.

Even so, they continue to bear the brunt of the reconciliation problem in the country. In total, 689,800 workers are inactive (not looking for a job) because they have to take care of family members -children, the elderly or the sick-, of whom 91.2% are women; while 378,800 workers have a part-time job and not full-time because they have to deal with this task, of which 94% are women.

Both groups have experienced significant growth in the last decade: those who are inactive for this reason have grown by 26.7% and those employed part-time by 37.1%, which shows that the reconciliation problem in the country worsens in a context of lack of children.

The generation in 'permacrisis' is forced to give up the mortgage, but spending on bars and trips skyrockets

“A prolonged period of instability and insecurity, especially resulting from a series of catastrophic events”. It is the definition of “permacrisis”, the word that the Collins dictionary selected as word of the year in 2022. And in it fits an entire generation that has linked the economic crisis of 2008, the pandemic and, now, an unprecedented inflation shock.

They are young, their life aspirations have been frustrated and they have ended up giving up acquiring a mortgage or starting a family. However, they spend more than they earn and, despite the inflationary context, they do not skimp on the consumption of goods and services that are not essential. What's more, in the last year the increase in spending on bars, restaurants, trips or clothing has practically doubled the rate of the Consumer Price Index (CPI).

This is the main conclusion reached by IESE professor José Luis Nueno in his book 'Everything is terrible, but I'm fine', published by the association of manufacturers and distributors AECOC. “Older citizens are more cautious in their investments, while young people, who are part of this consumer in 'permacrisis', continue to spend on items such as cheap clothes, bars and restaurants, entertainment or low-cost travel,” he explains. .

In data, between the first quarter of 2022 and the first of 2023, inflation rose by 5.5%, while the spending of this generation on dressing up, going out for a drink or dinner and even traveling grew well above. If the categories of consumption are broken down, strikingly high increases are observed in the disbursement of clothing and footwear (10.2%), restaurants (10%), travel and hotels (9%), or flights and vehicle rentals (28.7%). %).

It is paradoxical because, precisely, those are the “frivolous” expenses in which consumers assure that they will save. The author uses various surveys carried out in Germany, France, Italy, the United Kingdom and Spain and draws some interesting conclusions: 62% of the population believe that the economic situation in their country will worsen, while only 40% believe that your particular situation will. In addition, 48% say they will cut back on spending in bars and restaurants, 40% say they will save on clothing and 38% that they will save on leisure. But the reality is that spending skyrockets in all those items.

Nueno understands that an explanation for this behavior of younger consumers “could be their pessimism in the face of the few possibilities of becoming independent, creating their own home or starting families. This consumer profile, as analyzed by the professor, “still does not feel the weight of the most recurring financial charges, such as insurance or mortgages, so they allocate part of their income to affordable pleasures, which are what they can afford.”

This phenomenon affects the polarization of consumption, which implies growth in both the cheapest and luxury categories.. This is confirmed by the most recent reports from AECOC Shopperview, which confirm that, although the economic situation of half of Spanish households has worsened, the consumer does not give up certain items. Specifically, 35% spend the same or more than last year on leisure, entertainment, culture and travel. 16% are buying more premium or gourmet products and 61% continue to go out to bars and restaurants the same or more than in 2022.

household budget

When the distribution of the budget in households is observed, it is extracted that non-discretionary spending (that which is not chosen, such as mortgages or supplies, without taking food into account) accounts for 33% of total spending. With the shopping cart it goes up to 49%. Durable discretionary items, such as furniture, electronics or vehicles, account for 15.6% of the budget and are the main source of cuts in a recession, generating more than 40% of savings.

In the case of services, they account for 27% of spending and 35% of savings when there is a need to generate them.. Meanwhile, non-durable expenses imply 22% of spending and 18.6% of savings. And this savings is where lower consumption in bars and restaurants is included, as well as in clothing, the purchase of promotional items or the search for cheaper stores.

The study takes as a reference a consumer with an average salary of 19,817 euros per year. And he calculates that his spending amounts to 22,598 euros per year. So that difference between income and expenses is paid with savings, with credit (mainly cards) or with the help of the family support network.

And this, in a context in which salaries have increased by 5.4% throughout the five quarters under analysis, but inflation has risen by 5.5% in the same period. In this way, “salary improvements have lagged behind inflation,” he points out, and this leads to almost half the population feeling impoverished.