The most fragmented Congress in the history of democracy will give way to a hemicycle with less political diversity, but in which minority forces will once again be key to the country's governability in the absence of a clear majority in the ideological blocks. After last night's scrutiny, it will be the representatives of 11 parties who sit in the seats of the San Jerónimo race compared to the 16 who distributed the 350 acts of deputies of the legislature that ended abruptly on May 29 with the early call of the general elections.

The most significant absence will be that of Ciudadanos, which goes from 10 to zero parliamentarians without even having appeared in these elections. Despite the attempt to refound the formation that premiered in 2015 in the Lower House with 40 seats and came to have a group with 57 members, the successive debacles in the regional and municipal that has been chained in the last four years have practically led to its de facto extinction.

Nor will the Regionalist Party of Cantabria (PCR) be represented on this occasion. After winning a parliamentarian for the first time in the general elections of April 2019 that he kept in the repetition of the month of November of that year, the formation of Miguel Ángel Revilla also made the decision not to attend this appointment with the polls due to the “enormous risk” of not having the possibility of obtaining representation due to the “fierce polarization” of the political board.

General Elections 2023 Chamber News

The initials of Más País, which had three deputies, also disappear from the chamber, in this case due to its integration into the Sumar candidacy, which has replaced United We Can as the unifying brand of the forces to the left of the PSOE. Íñigo Errejón, leader of the party that debuted in Congress four years ago with three deputies, will retain his seat after running as number four on Yolanda Díaz's list in Madrid, where he has obtained six representatives.

The one that remains outside the chamber is the CUP after a single legislature in which it has had two seats. Its collapse joins the fall of the other two Catalan independence parties, ERC and Junts, which have lost, respectively, six and one representatives and will be left with separate groups of seven members but essential for the heterogeneous sum that would allow Pedro Sánchez to continue in La Moncloa.

Teruel Existe, which had the key to the Government in 2019 by facilitating the vote that was missing for the investiture, has not obtained representation on this occasion either. Unión del Pueblo Navarro (UPN), which in 2019 won two seats by running under the Navarra Suma brand, is left with a single deputy after the signing by the PP of those who had been its representatives, Sergio Sayas and Carlos García Adanero, who will presumably support the popular Alberto Núñez Feijóo.

The BNG remains with a single representative, Néstor Rego, who has been re-elected as deputy for the province of La Coruña, consolidating his presence in the Lower House that he recovered in 2019 after four absentees, but far from the expectations that the Galician nationalists had set, reports Natalia Puga. His vote would be for the sum of left-wing parties.

The Canary Islands Coalition (CC) has obtained one seat compared to the two that it achieved four years ago by running on the same ballot as Nueva Canarias, which is left out. It would presumably support the PP, which even counting on Vox -33 seats- and UPN would manage to reach an absolute majority of 176 seats.

The Popular Party has recovered the absolute majority in the Senate. With 95% scrutinized, the popular have obtained 120 senators, 37 more than in the general elections of November 2019, and have regained hegemony in the Upper House, which had been in the hands of the PSOE in the last two legislatures. For their part, the Socialists have lost 20 representatives and have remained in 73 senators after 23-J.

Contrary to what has happened in the Congress of Deputies, the Popular Party has indeed obtained the result it wanted in the Senate, achieving a comfortable absolute majority that will allow them to obtain control of the chamber throughout the legislature. The PP has been favored by the electoral system of the Senate, which causes the first party of each constituency to take almost all the seats in that province, while the rest goes to the second. Those of Alberto Núñez Feijóo have also been favored by the concentration of the center-right vote in their initials, since Vox has lost the only senator it had. However, the popular ones have been far from their best record in the Senate, which dates back to 2011, when they achieved 136 representatives. The PP has prevailed in 33 provinces, including all of Castilla y León, Castilla-La Mancha, Aragón and Galicia, while the PSOE, which has also been far from its best results, has done so in 15 -including the 4 of Catalonia-. The Community of Madrid, as usual, has been for the Popular Party.

General Elections 2023 Chamber News

In a hypothetical Government of Pedro Sánchez, the PSOE would need the rest of the forces represented in the Senate to face procedures, such as the approval of the General State Budgets. Sumar, like Unidas Podemos in 2019, has not obtained representation, so Sánchez would need to turn to the nationalist parties.

Participation in these elections, while waiting to include the vote of residents abroad, has risen almost 3 points compared to the general ones of November 2019 and has stood at 69.07%.

The representation of nationalist parties has suffered significant variations. Bildu and Esquerra Republicana -under the acronym IPLI- have presented themselves together and have achieved 7 senators that have made them the third force in the Upper House. In 2019, presenting itself separately, ERC obtained 11 and Bildu 1. The PNV loses 5 of the 9 representatives it had to remain in the 4 seats. In addition, it does not obtain representation by Álava. A similar case is that of Junts, it has lost 2 of the 3 seats it had up to now and has obtained only 1 representative for Gerona. For its part, the Gomera Socialist Group -ASG- has obtained a senator and the Canary Islands Coalition another for Fuerteventura. For Navarra, a Unión del Pueblo Navarro senator has also been obtained. In total, there will be 8 different political parties represented in the Senate.

To the 208 senators by direct appointment that have been elected this Sunday, we must add the 57 that correspond by designation to the Parliaments of the Autonomous Communities.

The map explains the result. More blue than red, but a lot of red in Catalonia, with a province of Barcelona turned into a socialist fortress that propped up the defeat in the polls and Sánchez's footing to try to resist after 23-J, although in the hands of Junts and with hellish governance, if he tried to investiture.

ANDALUSIA. The PSOE managed to resist in the province of Seville, but it did not prevent a general defeat of the left in Andalusia. The PP with 25 seats and Vox with 9 brought the overall result to 34-27 in favor of the right-wing bloc. The same result that would have resulted from extrapolating the 2022 regional elections, although with a narrow margin and a PP far below the percentage of Juanma Moreno's result.

CATALONIA. The spectacular result of the PSC in Barcelona explains the election night. The Socialists get 13 deputies in the constituency, their best result since 2008. The collapse of ERC left it below even the PP in the province. The 19 seats that the PSOE takes from Catalonia compensate for all its losses in other territories, while Sumar maintains the 2019 result with 7, ERC ties Junts at 7 and the PP remains at 6, without a seat in Lleida or Gerona.

MADRID. Feijóo failed to replicate the Ayuso effect. The PP won with 15 deputies, but the PSOE improved to 11 and Vox was behind Sumar. The right settled for 20-15, which would have been 22-15 with the results of 28-M. Two seats lost without the wake of Ayuso that could be key when it comes to forming the next government.

VALENCIAN COMMUNITY. One of the regional governments in which PP and Vox agreed after the autonomic ones. Focus of controversy, but not of electoral punishment. The PP is the force with the most votes and wins 13 seats, compared to 11 for the PSOE, 5 for Vox and 4 for Sumar. In other words, the right would retain a comfortable majority in this territory despite the recent agreements.

CASTILE AND LEON. No changes between blocks compared to four years ago. The five seats that Vox loses, which is left with only one deputy for Valladolid, are won by the PP -18-, while the PSOE resists with 12 and Sumar leaves empty.

GALICIA. The Feijóo effect that did not exist in Madrid did occur in Galicia. BNG keeps one seat, Sumar retains the two from Podemos. But the PSOE loses three -from 10 to 7- which the PPP wins -from 10 to 13-.

CASTILLA LA MANCHA. One of the focuses of the night was on the dual vote of this community, where Emiliano García-Page won with an absolute majority two months ago. In the general elections, however, the conservative block dominated, with a PP shot up to 10 seats, a PSOE that fell from 8 to 9 while Vox went from 5 representatives to only 3. Sumar, here too, is left without a seat.

BASQUE COUNTRY. Another of the surprises of the night. The PSOE prevails by the minimum in votes, with a triple tie to five seats between the socialists, the PNV and EH Bildu, with the abertzales already in a virtual tie with the nationalists. The PP revalidates its seat in Álava and gets another in Vizcaya, but is left out in Guipúzcoa. Sumar retains one of the three deputies that Podemos got in the elections four years ago.

CANARY ISLANDS. The PSOE managed to prevail in votes in the archipelago, although it tied six seats with the Popular Party. Canary Coalition retained a seat for Santa Cruz de Tenerife, where Sumar failed to enter. It was one of the most anomalous provinces of 23-J due to the absence of Vox, whose list was annulled after the resignation of several of its candidates. could be decisive. In the constituency of Las Palmas, Nueva Canarias, a deputy was disputed for a good part of the count, who finally remained with the PP.

ARAGON. It was another of the communities with a clear advance of the right in these general elections. The PP won yesterday with 7 deputies, three more than in 2019, while the PSOE collapsed from 6 to 4. Vox maintains a representative, Sumar retains the deputy that Podemos already had. In Teruel, one of the stories of the night, Teruel Existe failed to keep its deputy and finally the PP won the constituency 2-1 against the Socialists.

MURCIA. One of the disappointments of the night for the block on the right, which had reason to think of a 7-3 deal, which was finally 6-4. The PP won four seats, three from the PSOE, 2 from Vox and one from Sumar. The popular ones were about 6,000 votes away from achieving the fifth at the expense of the PSOE, which could have been relevant at the national level. It is difficult that it can change next week during the recount of the foreign vote.

ESTREMADURA. As in the Valencian Community, the pact between PP and Vox did not take its toll in the region, which had very similar results to those of May 28. The PSOE won by around 7,000 votes and took 4 seats, another 4 from the PP and one from Vox. Despite the controversies over the position and the rectifications of María Guardiola in the last month, the sociological panorama practically matched that of two months ago. It was the predictable result and the polls were right.

BALEARICS. equality between blocks. The Popular Party was the force with the most votes with 35.6% of the votes and 3 seats, the same as the PSOE despite managing to barely exceed 30%. Vox and Sumar shared one seat each and the blocks repeated the tie at 4 in the last general elections. As in Murcia, it was another of the communities in which the conservative bloc had to aspire to a 5-3 victory to direct a sufficient result to add at the national level.

ASTURIAS. Like Castilla-La Mancha, Asturias voted the other way around than in the regional elections. The PP, without the competition of the Forum, which did not appear, was the force with the most votes and obtained 3 seats, to 2 from the PSOE, 1 from Sumar and 1 from Vox. The right thus achieved a majority in congressional representation in a community that the left will rule for the next four years.

CANTABRIA. The PP surpassed 42% of the votes and made the most of the absence of the PRC of Miguel Ángel Revilla, but not enough to achieve the third seat to which they aspired. The transversality of revillismo also partly benefited the PSOE, which managed to maintain a second important seat. Vox retained its seat achieved in 2019.

NAVARRE. The PSOE achieved victory and the 2 deputies to which it aspired in Navarra, at the expense of Sumar, who lost the representation achieved by Podemos four years ago. EH Bildu removes from Navarra the sixth national deputy that allows him to surpass the PNV in Congress. On the right, the break between the PP and UPN resulted in one seat for each. Vox, which could barely exceed 5%, did not win a seat that it did not have at the beginning of election night.

THE RIOJA. The absolute majority achieved on 28-M by the Popular Party was not enough for Genoa to get the 3-1 victory from La Rioja that it needed to lead a more resounding victory. Despite obtaining more than 45.6% of the votes, he could not unbalance the distribution of 2 to 2 with the PSOE that already occurred in 2019. The 10% of votes that Vox achieved would have been decisive in this sense, and that probably left the right without that seat that during the campaign was practically taken for granted.

CEUTA AND MELILLA. The Popular Party won the two seats in the autonomous cities, with some suspense. In Ceuta, the PSOE was imposed by 1,600 votes, despite the fact that Vox achieved more than 23%, which put the victory of the PP at risk. In Melilla the victory of the popular was much clearer and won the seat with more than 49% of votes, above a PSOE that stayed at 25.4%, with Vox at 16%. Coalition for Melilla barely had strength on this occasion.

The result of Sumar gives birth to a highly renewed parliamentary group of 31 deputies in Congress, in which Podemos has been reduced to a minimum, with only five representatives. In comparison, they are half of those that the Sumar party has (10) and the same number that Izquierda Unida (IU) has.. This is the definitive confirmation of the loss of hegemony of the purples within the space and the end of the cycle that Pablo Iglesias led in 2019 and which yielded a balance of up to 23 seats in Podemos.

Pablo Iglesias will no longer be there and neither will Irene Montero, but Ione Belarra, the party's general secretary, and Lilith Verstrynge, organization secretary, have achieved their minutes. The two went up to the stage on Sunday night with Yolanda Díaz to appear after the results. Neither of them seconded the euphoria unleashed on that stage, where their serious faces contrasted with the smiles and joy that overflowed up there.. In fact, shortly after they left the coalition headquarters, on Calle Larra in Madrid, in a hurry, while the rest stayed celebrating with hugs and Catalan cava for almost another hour.. And then prolonging the party in a place in the city.

Of the 15 parties that make up Sumar's coalition, there are eight that have achieved representation in Congress. The distribution is as follows: 10 deputies from Sumar, five from Podemos, five from IU, five from communes, two from Más Madrid, two from Compromís, one from Més and one from La Chunta. But to this we must add a piece of information that is not anecdotal, because it is very symbolic due to the change in the internal cycle: in this mosaic there are seven deputies who have Communist Party (PCE) cards.. They are the five from IU and two more from the Sumar quota: the candidate, Yolanda Díaz, and the number one for Seville, Francisco Sierra.

Despite the evident loss of power of Podemos, Iglesias left a message on his television channel last night in which he warned that the five purple deputies are “essential” for there to be a sum that reissues the coalition government and claims its leadership. He stressed that “they are probably very important also when negotiating with the political forces that represent the plurinationality of the State”. In other words, ERC, EH Bildu and BNG but also Junts. “Hopefully everyone rises to the occasion with humility,” he finished, asking for that leading role.

The statements of the former secretary general cast more doubts than certainties about the behavior of these five deputies. The political agreement with which the coalition was signed commits the presence of all the parties within the same parliamentary group in Congress and subjects all of them to the discipline of the group's leadership. It is an armor with which Sumar wanted to protect himself from a possible split from Podemos once the elections were over, as EL MUNDO already reported.

It is true that formally there is no legal mechanism that can prevent the purple deputies from leaving for the Mixed Group, where they would be fully autonomous, because the minutes are individual and not of the candidacies, but that is why Sumar also established a clause whereby if that happens, Podemos would lose the substantial income to which it is entitled as a member of the coalition.. Which in your case is 23%. A lot if compared proportionally with the five seats it brings to the group.

loss of votes

Iglesias exposed his criticism of Díaz's result by also emphasizing in his speech on Canal Red that the political space had lost “almost 800,000 votes compared to the last elections and seven deputies”. He also stressed the “generosity” that Podemos had shown “when they humiliate you, veto you and mistreat you.”

As for the names, the five Podemos deputies are Belarra (number 5 for Madrid), Verstrynge (number four for Barcelona), Javier Sánchez Serna (Murcia), Martina Velarde (Granada) and Noemí Santana (Las Palmas).. Three other members of Podemos in “starting positions” did not take a seat, which are Pilar Garrido (Guipúzcoa), Idoia Villanueva (Navarra) and Guillermo Presa (Álava). All three are victims of the rise of EH Bildu, which Iglesias has been determined to promote for years. As with ERC.

As for Sumar, his 10 seats are those of Diaz, Agustin Santos and Carlos Martinez Urriza (Madrid); Francisco Sierra (Seville), Marta Lois (Pontevedra), Veronica Martinez (La Coruna), Rafael Cofiño (Asturias), Lander Martinez (Viscay), Txema Guijarro (Alicante) and Esther Gil (Cadiz).

For IU they get five deputy minutes: the secretary general of the PCE, Enrique Santiago (Córdoba), Toni Valero (Malaga), Engracia Rivera (Seville) and Nahuel González (Valencia). Félix Alonso (Tarragona) is a member of IU within the denomination of communes.

Precisely the Catalans will be in Congress Aina Vidal, as a new political reference; Gerardo Pisarello, Gala Pin, Eloi Badia and Júlia Boada.

For its part, Más Madrid places Tesh Sidi and Íñigo Errejón. While Compromís supports Águeda Mico and Alberto Ibáñez (Valencia); the Aragonese Junta to Jorge Pueyo (Zaragoza) and More to Vicenç Vidal (Baleares). The one who is finally left without a seat is Alberto Rodríguez, who leads in Tenerife as a share of his Drago party.

The PSOE managed yesterday to be fifteen years later the most voted party in Euskadi in a general election. A victory of almost 14,000 votes difference against PNV and EH Bildu, the two nationalist formations that had turned 23-J into a duel that yesterday ended in a draw. Barely 700 votes separated PNV from Bildu who aspired to 'sorpasso' in Basque nationalism. Although the three formations achieved 5 deputies each, the one won by the Socialists in Guipúzcoa and by EH Bildu in Vizcaya, respectively, strengthens them as an alternative to the PNV. Andoni Ortuzar's party achieved its minimum objective of preserving the parliamentary group with the aim of maintaining itself as “the voice of Euskadi” after losing its monopoly in Congress.

The comfortable victory in votes of the PSE-EE in Euskadi was substantiated by the support obtained in Vizcaya where it managed to be the second list with the most votes, in Álava -with less population- by winning in this Territory and in a creditable second place also in Guipúzcoa, the constituency in which Bildu's leadership is most notable. Arnaldo Otegi's formation won the regional elections in Guipúzcoa on March 28 with Maddalen Iriarte and only thanks to the PP, the PNV and the PSE-EE were they able to maintain the Gipuzkoan regional institution.

The definitive distribution of the 18 Basque deputies reproduced what all the polls predicted, which, however, did not predict a socialist victory or that the PNV would be relegated to being the second Basque force practically tied with EH Bildu and, in the case of Álava, it would be the fourth force in votes. Paradoxically, the Basque PSOE and PNV -partners in the Urkullu government- had diametrically opposed results, after a polarized campaign in the duel between Pedro Sánchez and Alberto Núñez Feijóo.

The most important socialist electoral stretch occurred in Greater Bilbao, the metropolis made up of the capital and all the towns on the Left Bank. The PSE-EE recovered yesterday the condition of the most voted list in a general election in Vizcaya, the traditional stronghold of the PNV and that the nationalist tandem Andoni Ortuzar and Iñigo Urkullu had turned into an electoral stronghold since 2012. In contrast, yesterday and in a general election, the PNV lost almost 70,000 votes compared to its 2019 results.

The nationalists and Sumar are the two parties that lose representation in Congress, although their falls are not comparable. In the case of the nationalists, the five deputies achieved fit into their forecasts and allows them to maintain a vital parliamentary group to have the necessary infrastructure with which to continue having visibility and influence in parliamentary day-to-day. But the result of 23-J confirms their difficulties in both Álava and Guipúzcoa to counteract the growth of an EH Bildu that is benefiting from the collapse of Podemos, now converted into Yolanda Díaz's Sumar.

Otegi's coalition practically tied with the PNV in the whole of Euskadi in some generals but yesterday it was ahead of it by more than 30,000 votes although in the distribution of deputies they were equal. Also in Álava, the PNV suffered another setback yesterday after losing the Mayor's Office on 28-J. Two key Historical Territories in the autonomic ones because in each one of them 25 parliamentarians are elected.

Elections in 2024 to which the Basque PP will go with hope with its notable electoral recovery, having won two seats when in 2019 it was on the verge of being left without representation. On the other hand, Sumar only managed to elect Lander Martínez, which leaves Pilar Garrido, the general secretary of Podemos in Euskadi, out of Congress.. More than 42,000 votes for this coalition in Guipúzcoa and Álava were left without a prize.